ISRO-the Indian Space Research organization is an agency authorized by the Government of India to work in the sector of extraterrestrial research and also for the planning and execution of space exploration programs such as- launching satellites, manned or unmanned explorations into space, moreover to explore the outer space. The vision of this organization is to “harness space technology for national development” and to side by side pursue research for space science and planetary exploration. The prime objective of this organization is to develop the space technology so it can be put to use in the tasks of national interest, be it- national defense or providing the citizens with technological facilities in the form of gadgets.

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ISRO is managed by the department of science and reports to the Prime Minister of India directly. ISRO falls under the Space commission and the Prime minister of India, it has also been working in the department of the welfare of the education and research providing facilities for the people of India by managing various agencies and institutions such as- Vikram Sarabhai Space Center(VSSC) in Thiruvananthapuram, Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre(LPSC) in Thiruvananthapuram and Bangalore, Physical Research Laboratory(PSL) in Ahmadabad, Semiconductor laboratory( in Chandigarh, National Atmospheric Research Laboratory in Tirupati, Space Applications Centre in Ahmadabad and various other research centers in Ahmadabad, Hyderabad, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and various other cities and states throughout India.

Other than ISRO the Government of India has various other organizational centers such as PRL, NARL, NE-SAC, SCL, IIST, and ANTRIX. These are the centers and the laboratories set up for the related scientific research departments. All of these including ISRO report directly to the Prime Minister as per the latest changes amended by the Government of India. All these agencies also coordinate with each other and with ISRO for the motto of harnessing technology for national development. From time to time, like any other agency that works in the field of space research and exploration, the respective governments by which they are controlled are given the projects and then are provided with funds upon the estimates that are presented by the agency once the project is proved to be viable, after it is approved by the space commission and the Prime Minister of India directly, the process of planning for meeting the requirements as per the higher authorities is carried out for the concerned project(s). There are various projects like discussed above are handled by ISRO and is constantly striving to gain success.

Since its inception in 1962 achievements of the India Space and Research Organisation has been tremendous till date especially in the recent years if not so much in the past. The major breakthroughs that have been achieved by this organization have been in the field of space exploration by their economical effects on the budgets they have been completed with. Following are some of the glimpses of the achievement made by ISRO till date-

1. In between 1960-1970, ISRO initiated its own launch program
2. In 1979 ISRO launched its first own vehicle by the name of SLV (Satellite launch vehicle) to a height of 500 kilometers.
3. ISRO built its first satellite Aryabhatta which was launched by the Soviet Union on April 19^th, 1975.
4. In 1980, after putting the satellite launch vehicle (SLV-3)in practical use ISRO launched a satellite by the name Rohini into the Earth’s orbit.
5. ISRO has now developed two other rockets to launch satellites into the Earth’s orbit i.e. the PSLV (Polar Satellite launch vehicle) and GSLV (Geosynchronous satellite launch vehicle).
6. The PSLV and GSLV rockets have launched numerous communications satellites and earth observation satellites and navigation systems like GAGAN and IRNSS.
7. At the launch of the satellite GSAT 14, ISRO successfully used a cryogenic engine which was the reason behind the successful mission to the moon by NASA’s SATURN V.
8. ISRO made India the first nation to successfully send in its first attempt an orbiter in Mars’ orbit on September 24^th, 2014.
9. ISRO is the first space agency in Asia and the fourth in the world to have successfully sent a satellite into the orbit of mars.
10. ISRO launched 20 satellites into space in a single payload, one of which was a satellite from Google setting a record on June 18^th, 2016.
11. Recently, on February 15^th, 2017 ISRO set a world record by sending 104 satellites on a single vehicle know as PSLV-37.
12. ISRO is known for successfully launching and landing an unmanned spacecraft on the surface of Mars in the lower budget than any other country.

Some ongoing developments being made by ISRO:-

ISRO is in the process of developing more advanced launch vehicles such as GSLV Mk III for the launch of heavier satellites. ISRO plans to launch four-tonne satellites into the geosynchronous transfer orbit. A vehicle by the name of ULV is also being developed by ISRO for projects such as further lunar exploration, interplanetary probes, solar spacecraft missions and human spaceflights.

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